However, difficulty of sample collection, slow turnaround time owing to batch mode testing and limited instrument availability, and supply chain shortages for reagents and consumables limited the ability to produce quick diagnostic results in many laboratories. The gold standard for diagnosing a SARS-CoV-2 infection is nucleic acid amplification testing with throat or nasopharyngeal swabs. Additional longitudinal studies are required to determine the longevity of antibodies after a natural infection or vaccination. In contrast, after a natural infection, both antispike and antinucleocapsid antibodies are detectable. All vaccines available at the time of this publication target the spike protein, and immunocompetent individuals who receive the vaccine develop only antispike antibodies. After rapid development and deployment, several manufacturers began clinical trials on their vaccine within just months of the sequencing of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. As a result, significant effort was dedicated to the development of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. Although the nucleocapsid protein is highly conserved and less susceptible to genetic variation, the spike protein is the target of neutralizing antibodies, which are hypothesized to correlate with immunity, ,, ].ĭespite public health efforts to encourage masking, social distancing, and surveillance testing, the SARS-CoV-2 virus continued to spread at an alarming rate. Commercially available antibody assays have predominantly been developed to target antibodies to either the spike or nucleocapsid proteins. It consists of structural spike proteins that interact with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors to infect host cells, nucleocapsid protein that encapsulates the RNA, and envelope protein that surrounds the nucleocapsid. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), identified as the cause of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic, is a single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the coronavirus family.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
Details
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |